Patients with previous episodes of COVID-19 may harbor immunoglobulins that could protect them from future infections, giving rise to the possibility of using convalescent plasma to treat COVID-19. The fact that highly potent SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies have been isolated from COVID-19 patients suggests that virus-specific antibodies play an important role in the protective immune response against SARS-CoV-2 infection. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has posed a significant threat to global public health. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Ĭompeting interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. Jira Chansaenroj received a salary from the Second Century Fund (C2F), Chulalongkorn University. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.ĭata Availability: All relevant data are within the manuscript and its Supporting Information files.įunding: This study was supported by a Health Systems Research Institute, National Research Council of Thailand, the Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology of Chulalongkorn University/King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital (GCE 59 009-30-005), MK Restaurant Group Public Company to Yong Poovorawan, and the Second Century Fund (C2F), Chulalongkorn University to Jira Chansaenroj. Received: DecemAccepted: ApPublished: April 21, 2022Ĭopyright: © 2022 Chansaenroj et al. PLoS ONE 17(4):Įditor: Mrinmoy Sanyal, Stanford University School of Medicine, UNITED STATES (2022) Long-term persistence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein-specific and neutralizing antibodies in recovered COVID-19 patients. These results support that the decline in serum antibody levels over time in both participants with severe disease and mild disease were depended on the symptom severity, and the individuals with high IgG antibody titers experienced a significantly longer persistence of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody responses than those with lower titers.Ĭitation: Chansaenroj J, Yorsaeng R, Puenpa J, Wanlapakorn N, Chirathaworn C, Sudhinaraset N, et al. The half-life of neutralizing titers was estimated at 100.7 days (95% confidence interval = 44.5–327.4 days, R 2 = 0.106). We observed a high level of correlation between neutralizing and SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-specific antibody titers. The seropositivity rate of anti-S1 IgG, anti-RBD total Ig, anti-S1 IgA, and neutralizing titers remained at 68.6%, 89.6%, 77.1%, and 85.4%, respectively, at 12 months after symptom onset. The neutralizing titers against SARS-CoV-2 were detected in 95.2%, 86.7%, 85.0%, and 85.4% of recovered COVID-19 patients at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after symptom onset, respectively. Blood samples were collected at 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-months post symptom onset or detection of SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR (in asymptomatic individuals). Between March and May 2020, 531 individuals with virologically confirmed cases of wild-type SARS-CoV-2 infection were enrolled in our immunological study. This study aimed to assess the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, including anti-spike protein 1 (S1) immunoglobulin (Ig)G, anti-receptor-binding domain (RBD) total Ig, anti-S1 IgA, and neutralizing antibody against wild-type SARS-CoV-2 over time in a cohort of patients who were previously infected with the wild-type SARS-CoV-2. Understanding antibody responses after natural severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can guide the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine schedule, especially in resource-limited settings.
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